TAU-NSC 311 INTRODUCTION TO THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT AND MODELS IN NURSING

TAU-NSC 311 INTRODUCTION TO THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT AND MODELS IN NURSING Theory Development - Theory development refers to the process of refining and evolving theoretical constructs through empirical exploration, conceptual elaboration, and evaluative process. "Theoretical development is the process of refining and evolving concepts and frameworks within a discipline through a cycle of conceptual work and empirical testing. It involves systematically investigating relationships between concepts, challenging existing theories, and adapting them based on new evidence to achieve a more robust, comprehensive, and well-defined understanding. Key aspects of theoretical development: Conceptualization: This phase involves defining and elaborating concepts and proposing relationships between them to form a coherent and well-defined theory. Empirical testing: The propositions of the theory are subjected to systematic investigation and scrutiny to verify or falsify them. Refinement: Based on the results of empirical testing, the theory is revised, refined and improved. This is an ongoing process of modification in response to new evidence. Inductive and deductive reasoning: Theories can be developed inductively by observing single cases to identify patterns, or deductively by testing hypotheses derived from existing theories. Integration: Modern theoretical development often involves integrating insights from different subfields and classic theories to build more comprehensive and robust models. Goal: The ultimate goal is to advance knowledge and create new understandings within a field, even if some theories are difficult to test empirically. DEFINITION OF TERMS. The development of nursing theory demands an understanding of selected terminologies, definitions, and assumptions. Philosophy. These are beliefs and values that define a way of thinking and are generally known and understood by a group or discipline. Theory. A belief, policy, or procedure proposed or followed as the basis of action. It refers to a logical group of general propositions used as principles of explanation. Theories are also used to describe, predict, or control phenomena. Concept. Concepts are often called the building blocks of theories. They are primarily the vehicles of thought that involve images. Models. Models are representations of the interaction among and between the concepts showing patterns. They present an overview of the theory’s thinking and may demonstrate how theory can be introduced into practice. Conceptual framework. A conceptual framework is a group of related ideas, statements, or concepts. It is often used interchangeably with the conceptual model and with grand theories. Proposition. Propositions are statements that describe the relationship between the concepts. Domain. The domain is the perspective or territory of a profession or discipline. Process. Processes are organized steps, changes, or functions intended to bring about the desired result. Paradigm. A paradigm refers to a pattern of shared understanding and assumptions about reality and the world, worldview, or widely accepted value system. Metaparadigm. A metaparadigm is the most general statement of discipline and functions as a framework in which the more restricted structures of conceptual models develop. Much of the theoretical work in nursing focused on articulating relationships among four major concepts: person, environment, health, and nursing. Theoretical vs. Conceptual Frameworks Theoretical framework is a foundation of existing theories and concepts used to guide a research study. It provides a structured lens for understanding and interpreting research by connecting the study's topic to established ideas in the field. This framework helps define key concepts, establish relationships between variables, and provide a roadmap for research questions, data collection, and analysis. A conceptual framework is an analytical tool with several variations and contexts. It can be applied in different categories of work where an overall picture is needed. It is used to make conceptual distinctions and organize ideas. Relationship: A theoretical framework is broader and more established, while a conceptual framework is more specific and can be a part of a larger theoretical framework. Key components and functions Foundation: It is built on existing, validated theories and assumptions that are relevant to the research topic. Guidance: It acts as a roadmap and a blueprint for the study, guiding the researcher's overall approach and strategy. Structure: It provides a structure for organizing and interpreting collected data by identifying patterns and themes related to the chosen theory. Definitions: It requires defining key concepts within the study based on the selected theory. Justification: It demonstrates the relevance of the research by grounding the topic in established ideas and scholarly literature. Example A study on employee motivation could use Maslow's hierarchy of needs as its theoretical framework, using it to understand how employees' needs drive their motivation. Theoretical framework is a foundational structure that provides a guide for a research study by outlining established theories, concepts, and assumptions that relate to the research topic. It helps researchers explain the phenomenon being studied, determine the relationships between variables, and interpret findings. This framework acts as a blueprint, guiding the research questions, methodology, and analysis to ensure the study is grounded in existing knowledge. Uses Of Theoretical Framework Provides a structure: It acts as a roadmap or blueprint for the entire research process, from design to data analysis. Guides the research process: It helps define key variables, establish the relationship between them, and formulate research questions and hypotheses. Aids in data interpretation: It provides a lens through which researchers can analyze and interpret their findings in a meaningful way. Demonstrates relevance: By linking the study to established ideas, it shows why the research is relevant and important. Researchers use theoretical framework to guide their study. A theoretical framework is a foundational review of existing theories that serves as a roadmap for developing the arguments the researcher will use in his own work. A theoretical framework in research can be defined as a set of concepts, theories, ideas, and assumptions that help the researcher understand a specific phenomenon A theoretical framework can also be said to be the “blueprint” for the entire dissertation inquiry. It serves as the guide on which to build and support the study. A theoretical framework provides the basis for the study hypotheses and choice of research methods, data collection, and data analysis Theories These are developed by researchers to explain phenomena, draw connections, and make predictions. In a theoretical framework, the researcher explains the existing theories that support the research, showing that the paper or dissertation topic is relevant and grounded in established ideas. In other words, the researcher’s theoretical framework justifies and contextualizes the later research, and it’s a crucial first step for the research paper, thesis, or dissertation. A well-rounded theoretical framework sets one up for success later on in one’s research and writing process. Examples of theoretical frameworks Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs for motivation, the Diffusion of Innovation theory for how new ideas spread and Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory for child development. The health belief model by Champion and Skinner Theory Of Planned Behavior by Azjen. The Social Cognitive Theory by Albert Bandura. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: A framework for understanding human motivation, positing that people must satisfy basic needs (like safety) before progressing to higher-level needs (like self-actualization). Social Learning Theory: Suggests that people learn new behaviors through observation, imitation, and modeling. Behaviorism: A learning theory that holds that behaviors are learned through association, trial and error, and reinforcement. Conceptual framework A conceptual framework is an analytical tool with several variations and contexts. It can be applied in different categories of work where an overall picture is needed. It is used to make conceptual distinctions and organize ideas. An idea or model representing the subject or phenomena one intends to study. It is primarily a researcher's perception of the research. A conceptual framework in research is a structured representation of key variables, concepts, and their relationships within a study. Conceptual Framework: Is often researcher-developed, based on specific concepts and variables, and shows relationships between them, often used in qualitative research to explore new ideas inductively (observation to theory). Definitions.- A conceptual framework in research is a structured outline (often depicted visually) that defines the key concepts in the research. A conceptual framework is a visual representation of the expected relationships and connections between various constructs or variables. A conceptual framework is a representation of the relationship one expects to see between the variables. A conceptual framework identifies the main subjects of study in a research project. It organizes these subjects in a simple and comprehensive manner. A conceptual framework is defined as a system of concepts, beliefs, expectations, assumptions, and theories. A conceptual framework is a research tool used to establish the fundamental structure, focus, and rules of a project. It is a theoretical outline of principles, | A conceptual framework identifies different variables in a study and illustrates the relationship between them. A conceptual framework is an analytica...