12.A – Human Body Systems & Regulation ● Circulatory system*: The body system that moves blood, oxygen, nutrients, and wastes throughout the body. ● Defense: The ways the body protects itself from harm, such as germs or injuries. ● Digestive system*: The system that breaks down food into nutrients the body can use. ● Endocrine system*: A system of glands that release hormones to control growth, development, and body processes. ● Excretory system*: The system that removes wastes and extra water from the body. ● Feedback loop: A process where the body uses information to increase or decrease a response to maintain balance. ● Homeostasis*: The ability of the body to keep stable internal conditions, like temperature and water balance. ● Immune system*: The system that protects the body from pathogens and disease. ● Integumentary system*: The system that includes skin, hair, and nails and protects the body. ● Interaction*: When two or more systems or parts work together and affect one another. ● Lymphatic system*: A system that helps fight infection and returns fluids to the bloodstream. ● Muscular system*: The system that allows movement and helps maintain posture. ● Nervous system*: The system that sends and receives messages to control the body. ● Nutrient absorption: The process of nutrients moving from the digestive system into the bloodstream. ● Pathogen: A germ, such as bacteria or a virus, that causes disease. ● Regulation: The control of body processes to keep conditions stable. ● Reproductive system*: The system responsible for producing offspring.
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● Shoot system*: The above-ground part of a plant (stems, leaves, flowers). ● Stem*: The plant structure that supports leaves and transports materials. ● Stigma*: The sticky part of a flower that receives pollen. ● Stoma*: A small opening in a leaf that allows gas exchange. ● System*: A group of parts that work together to perform a function. ● Thigmotropism: Plant growth in response to touch. ● Transpiration: The loss of water vapor from plant leaves. ● Transport*: The movement of materials within an organism. ● Vascular system*: The plant system that transports water, nutrients, and food. ● Xylem*: Plant tissue that carries water and minerals upward from the roots.
